Developmental dysplasia of the hip may predispose to osteoarthritis: From inflammation to destruction. A literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58814/01208845.19Keywords:
Development Dysplasia of the Hip, Osteoarthritis, Genes, InflammationAbstract
Introduction: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) encompasses a set of abnormalities related to the maturation process of the acetabulum and the proximal third of the femur. If not treated properly and promptly, patients with this condition may eventually develop osteoarthritis (OA).
Objective: To compile and synthesize scientific evidence published between January 2000 and February 2023 on the pathophysiology of DDH and its relationship to the development of hip OA in terms of genetic, inflammatory and immunological pathophysiological mechanisms.
Methodology: A literature review was performed in biomedical literature databases (PubMed/Medline, Embase, SciELO) and bioinformatic resources (e-Ensambl, STRING), using terms such as "hip dysplasia", "osteoarthritis", "etiology", and "genes". Clinical and genetic observational studies involving human subjects were included.
Results: The initial search yielded 349 records, of which 23 met the eligibility criteria. Genes that interact with genetic modules may play a role in the development of joints and the etiology of diseases that affect the bones and cartilage; however, the mechanical instability caused by DDH activates inflammatory and immunological factors, predisposing to OA. Based on the information obtained, it is possible to consider that there is a very close relationship between DDH and OA.
Conclusions: Knowing the genetic, inflammatory and immunological pathophysiological mechanisms of DDH and OA favors timely diagnosis and, consequently, allows providing proper treatment to reduce and control long-term damage and improve the patient's quality of life.
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