Manejo del síndrome doloroso del miembro fantasma en niños amputados por cáncer: un enfoque integral

Autores/as

  • Fabián Leal Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Bogotá, Colombia
  • John Lopera Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Bogotá, Colombia
  • Carlos Rodríguez Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Bogotá, Colombia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rccot.2016.02.004

Palabras clave:

dolor, miembro fantasma, neoplasias, niños

Resumen

El propósito de la revisión fue extraer de la bibliografía recomendaciones para el manejo del miembro fantasma doloroso en niños amputados por cáncer, resumidas en una propuesta de un manejo integral.
El síndrome doloroso del miembro fantasma se presenta en el 48-80% de los amputados, ocasiona deterioro de la calidad de vida, incremento del costo de la atención sanitaria y dificulta su rehabilitación. La fisiopatología de esta entidad incluye la interacción de mecanismos periféricos y el procesamiento anormal de la información en el sistema nervioso central.
Su manejo requiere intervenciones enfocadas a la prevención y tratamiento temprano. Las opciones farmacológicas incluyen gabapentinoides, opioides y anti-NMDA (N-metil-D-aspartato). En conclusión, no hay consenso en cuanto a su manejo. Los puntos clave incluyen el control óptimo del dolor previo a la cirugía, el manejo multidisciplinario con clínica del dolor, salud mental, trabajo social y rehabilitación como modelo de atención del paciente amputado.
Nivel de evidencia clínica: Nivel IV.

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Biografía del autor/a

Fabián Leal, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Bogotá, Colombia

Unidad de Dolor y Cuidado Paliativo, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia b Clínica de Oncología Pediátrica-Epidemiología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia.

John Lopera, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Bogotá, Colombia

Clínica de Oncología Pediátrica-Epidemiología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia.

Carlos Rodríguez, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Bogotá, Colombia

Clínica de Oncología Pediátrica-Epidemiología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia.

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Publicado

2016-03-31

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1.
Leal F, Lopera J, Rodríguez C. Manejo del síndrome doloroso del miembro fantasma en niños amputados por cáncer: un enfoque integral. Rev. colomb. ortop traumatol. [Internet]. 31 de marzo de 2016 [citado 10 de mayo de 2024];29(3):86-94. Disponible en: https://revistasccot.org/index.php/rccot/article/view/418

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